This is a (definitely non-exhaustive) history of cryptography.
Cryptography and Code Breaking
It’s important to note that as cryptography advanced through the course of history, code breaking also advanced. They grew in parallel. This is another example of an arms race.
A Curated History of Cryptography
- The value of secrets
- The cipher of Mary Queen of Scots
- The Vignère cipher
- The Zimmerman telegram
- The Enigma machine
- Public Key Cryptography
- Cryptography and the Internet